Reduced expression of the atl autolysin gene and susceptibility to autolysis in clinical heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hGISA) and GISA strains

Reduced expression of the atl autolysin gene and susceptibility to autolysis in clinical heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hGISA) and GISA strains.

OBJECTIVES To assess a link between resistance to Triton X-100 induced autolysis (TIA) and lowered atl expression in a collection of clinical glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) and heterogeneous GISA (hGISA). METHODS Nine clinical GISA, 11 hGISA and 11 glycopeptide-susceptible S. aureus (GSSA), including three pairs of related isolates, were analysed using TIA assays. Lyso...

Strain-specific expression levels of pbp4 exist in isolates of glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) and heterogeneous GISA.

A common characteristic of glycopeptide-intermediate-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) is a thickened cell wall, containing fewer cross-links and hence an abundance of D-AlaD-Ala termini of the pentapeptide. A further phenomenon observed in GISA has been lowered or nonexistent expression of pbp4, which has both transpeptidase and D,D-carboxypeptidase activity, cleaving terminal D-alanine r...

Evaluation of a New Etest Vancomycin + Teicoplanin Strip for Detection of Glycopeptide Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) and heterogeneous GISA

Evaluation of a new Etest vancomycin-teicoplanin strip for detection of glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA), in particular, heterogeneous GISA.

Glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) and, in particular, heterogeneous GISA (hGISA) are difficult to detect by standard MIC methods, and thus, an accurate detection method for clinical practice and surveillances is needed. Two prototype Etest strips designed for hGISA/GISA resistance detection (GRD) were evaluated using a worldwide collection of hGISA/GISA strains covering the...

Staphylococcus aureus with reduced glycopeptide susceptibility in Liverpool, UK.

OBJECTIVES To investigate if colonization with heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hGISA) is associated with hGISA bacteraemia. METHODS Isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) from blood cultures and from swabs to detect MRSA colonization were screened for reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides by an agar incorporation method. Isolates detected by this s...